4) COMPARISON of works for stylistic differences

4) COMPARISON of works for articulating stylistic differences

Every work should be studied in its context (original physical location and
historical moment) in order to fully understand its meaning, but one way to approach the differences between artists and periods is to look at the stylistic differences between works.

COMPARISONS:

Madonnas of Giotto, Duccio with  Domenico Veneziano’s St. Lucy Altarpiece:  

Contrast way space is handled with vertical perspective and 1-point perspective. 

Giotto shows some interest in spatial depth, but Veneziano’s is more proportional with bodies in space (bodies still a bit large for 1-point perspective of architecture but more accurate than Giotto.)

Light in Duccio and Giotto is holy light rendered with gold leaf, but regular consistent light source of natural light in Veneziano.

Not much interest in accurate anatomy in Duccio and Giotto, more emphasis on emotional response of spectator. Accurate anatomy and weight under drapery in Veneziano, spectator is actually addressed by saint John in Veneziano.

No signature of artist in Duccio and Giotto, Veneziano signs his work

across the step in front.

Cantorie of Donatello and Della Robbia

Comparison of Adoration of the Magi – Gentile da Fabriano, Masaccio, Botticelli -Look at the Gothic elements in Gentile as opposed to the Renaissance elements in Masaccio.

 

Uccello and Castagno – Generals on horseback in Duomo. Look at how

Uccello and Castagno approach the problem of painting a statue of a famous general.

Comparison of Last Suppers:  Castagno, Ghirlandaio, Del Sarto

 Look at how these three artists paint the same subject. 

Comparison of Annunciations:  Fra Angelico, Donatello, Della Robbia, Botticelli.  Look at differences in sculpture and painting for same subject.

3) Most Important WORKS to examine

 3)Most important WORKS to examine:

Pre-Renaissance works:

Painting:

Giotto: Padua:                  1305 -Arena Chapel frescoes

            Florence, Uffizi:   1310 -Madonna in Maesta

            Santa Croce:         1322- 2 chapels: Life of St. Francis,

                                          Life of St. John Evangelist.

Duccio:  1309-11-Madonna in Maesta Florence, Uffizi

               Siena:  1309-11 -predella panels from another Maesta

Simone Martini- 1333 -Annunciation, Florence, Uffizi

Pisanos for sculpture

Early Renaissance Artists: 1401-1445

FLORENCE

Sculpture:     

Ghiberti and Brunelleschi –   1401 -Competition panels for Baptistery

Della Robbia and Donatello -1431 and 1433- Cantorie for Duomo

Donatello -                             1418- St. George, Orsanmichele

Ghiberti –                               1403-52 – Baptistery doors

Jacopo della Quercia -1406-08 -Ilaria del Carretto, Lucca, San Martino.

Architecture: 

Brunelleschi –1419 –      Ospedale degli Innocenti

                       1420-36 – Florentine Duomo

Alberti –         1444-        Palazzo Rucellai façade.

Painting:        

Gentile da Fabriano – 1423 – Uffizi – Adoration of the Magi
 

Masaccio – 1424-27 – Brancacci Chapel, Chiesa Del Carmine.

                   1428 –       Trinity, Santa Maria Novella

Uccello –    1436 -       John Hawkwood, Duomo.  

                       

Filippo Lippi, 1440 –  Annunciation, San Lorenzo.

Fra Angelico, 1435-45 – San Marco frescoes, Deposition, Noli me                                          Tangere.

Domenico Veneziano -  1445 -St. Lucy Altarpiece. 

Intarsia (wood inlay):    1436 - Florence Duomo Sacristy.

Middle Period Artists: 1445-1475

FLORENCE

Sculpture –

Pollaiuolo –    1460 -  Hercules and Antaeus

Della Robbia- 1470-   Annunciation, Ospedale degli Innocenti

Donatello –     1463 – David (for Medici courtyard)

Antonio Rossellino –1460-66 - Chapel of Cardinal of Portugal, San Miniato

Architecture:       

Michelozzo - 1445 – Medici Palace

Alberti –       1470 – Santa Maria Novella façade.

Painting:              

Andrea del Castagno – 1456 – Niccolo da Tolentino, Duomo, Florence

Benozzo Gozzoli- 1459– Chapel of Medici Palace – Procession of Magi. 

Leonardo - 1470- Annunciation, Uffizi.

Intarsia:      1472 – Urbino, Studiolo.

Engraving: Pollaiuolo- 1478-79 – Battle of the Ten Naked Men.

MANTUA:  1465-1474, Mantegna, Camera degli Sposi, Palazzo Ducale.

SAN SEPOLCRO and URBINO:

Piero della Francesca:  1450-1466 -Cycle of the True Cross, Arezzo.

                                     1472 – Federico da Montefeltro and wife.

BOLOGNA: 1466 or after - Niccolo dell’Arca -Lamentation or Compianto, Santa Maria della Vita.  

LORETO:  1470 -Melozzo da Forli, Sacristy of San Marco, Basilica of

the Santa Casa, floating angels and prophets.

Late Period of 15^th-Century Artists: 1475-1500

FLORENCE:

Sculpture -            

Verrocchio, David, 1475. Both with Leonardo’s help.

                    Doubting of Thomas, Orsanmichele 1480-82. 

early Michelangelo:  1491 -Madonna of the Stairs.

                                  1496 -Bacchus, Bargello, orig. Rome.

   1498 -Pieta for St. Peter’s, Rome.

                              

Architecture:         

Sangallo – 1486-95 -Santa Maria delle Carceri, Prato.

Painting:                

Botticelli -  1475 -Adoration of the Magi, Santa Maria Novella

                   1477 -Birth of Venus.

1477 -Primavera

               

Filippino Lippi -  1480’s -  Tobias and the Angel.

Ghirlandaio-  1483-85 – Santa Trinita, Florence, Sacchetti Chapel

                       1485-90 – Santa Maria Novella,  Tornabuoni Chapel: 

                                       Life of John the Baptist and Life of Virgin.

Leonardo - 1470- Annunciation, Uffizi, Florence.

                   1497 - Last Supper, Milano, Santa Maria delle Grazie.

VENICE: 

Painting:

Antonello da Messina- 1476 -Virgin Annunciate

Giovanni Bellini-         1496 - San Giobbe Altarpiece, Accademia.

   Early 16^th-century artists: 1500-1550 –HIGH RENAISSANCE

FLORENCE and ROME:

Sculpture:      

Michelangelo – 1501-4 – David, Florence Accademia.

   1515 -     Moses for Julius II’s tomb

                      

                          1555 –    Pieta for his own tomb (Opera del Duomo).

Architecture: 

Michelangelo- 1520 –1593(after death) St. Peter’s Dome, Rome.

Bramante         1502 – Tempietto, Rome.

Painting:        

Michelangelo -1508-12 - Sistine Chapel ceiling

Raphael –        1509-11 - School of Athens.

Pontormo-       1527 -Deposition, Santa Felicita, Florence.

Leonardo -       1503- Mona Lisa.

Andrea del Sarto – 1527 -Last Supper, San Salvi, Florence.

VENICE:

Painting:       

Giovanni Bellini -1505 – San Zaccaria altarpiece, in situ.

Giorgione –          1510 – Tempest, Accademia

Titian –                 1496 – Presentation of Virgin in Temple, Accademia.

                              1559-62 – Danae, Prado.

                              Diana and Callisto, Edinburgh, SNG

                              Diana and Actaeon, Edinburgh, SNG